CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF ODONTOGENIC CYSTS AND TUMORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Background: Odontogenic lesions that include cysts and tumors constitute less than 2-3% of all the oral and maxillofacial lesions. Odontogenic cysts and tumors originate from tooth apparatus or its remnants.
Objectives: To determine the frequency and clinicopathological characteristics of odontogenic tumours: This study aimed to evaluate the role of CTA in diagnosing CHD and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of TTE and CTA.
Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study, Department of Pathology. The clinicopathological details were retrieved over the period of nine years from January 2013 to December 2021. Data were tabulated and analysed for any significant association among the clinicopathological variables.
Results: In the present study, among the total 149 cases, 113 cases (75.8%) were odontogenic cysts and 36 cases (24.2%) were odontogenic tumors. The most common age group involved was 20-40 years (64.4%) and the male:female (M:F) ratio was 1.4:1. Right mandible (32.2%) was the predominant site involved followed by left maxilla
(24.2%). The average size of odontogenic cysts was 1.5cm whereas the mean size of odontogenic tumors was 2.8cm. Periapical cyst (70.8%) was the commonest odontogenic cyst while ameloblastoma (36.1%) was the frequent odontogenic tumor. There was statistically significant association of lesion size with age of patients (p-value 0.002), gender (p-value 0.023), histopathological nature of odontogenic lesions (p-value- 0.010) and histopathological subtypes of odontogenic tumors (p-value 0.042).
Conclusion: The present study provides insights into the clinicopathological characteristics and association of various clinicopathological parameters with size of the odontogenic lesions, thereby facilitating early diagnosis and management of this diverse group of odontogenic lesions.