Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
ISSN 1829-006X
2025; 191–201
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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON EFFICACY OF HERBAL EXTRACTS AND CHLORHEXIDINE ON CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS- A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Lipsa Bhuyan*, Soumya Jal, Avinash Jnaneswar, Abinash Mohapatra, Pallavi Mishra, Abikshyeet Panda

Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences (KIDS), Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India. · School Of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Ramachandrapur, Bhubaneswar 752050 Odisha, India. · Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore 560078 Karnataka, India. · Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences (KIDS), Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India. · 1Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences (KIDS), Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India.

Received: 2026-04-08 · Published: 2025-06-30

© 2025 The Author(s) and the original publisher.

CC BY-NC 4.0 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Original title
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON EFFICACY OF HERBAL EXTRACTS AND CHLORHEXIDINE ON CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS- A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors
Lipsa Bhuyan, Soumya Jal, Avinash Jnaneswar, Abinash Mohapatra, Pallavi Mishra, Abikshyeet Panda
Source journal
Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
Published
2025-06-30
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Original
https://doi.org/10.58240/1829006X-2025.21.5-191

Abstract

Objective: To assess effect of herbal medicines compared to 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) in periodontitis Materials and Methods: Review was adhered with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalysis (PRISMA) guidelines and registered in PROSPERO- CRD42024506918. From January 2000 to January 2025, research on the benefits of herbal medicines vs 0.12% CHX on periodontitis in terms of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment level (CAL), deep pocket (PPD), and colony forming unit (CFU) was found by searching electronic databases. Using Review Manager (RevMan) software version 5.3, the Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) -2 tool for randomized controlled trials (RCT) was employed to evaluate quality in all of its domains. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was used as a brief statistic measure with a random effect model (p<0.05). Results: Meta-analysis was suitable for nine out of the fourteen studies that satisfied the criteria for selection in the qualitative synthesis. The quality evaluation determined that the risk of bias was moderate to low. A variety of herbs like Punica granatum, Herborals, Morus alba, Natural curcumin, Salvadora persica, Khadiradi vati, Dashansanskar churana, Neem and Apamarga, Ferula assa-foetida, Aloe vera, tea tree oil, Guava leaf extract, Ocimum sanctum were described. The pooled estimate through SMD suggested that herbal medicines were clinically and statistically superior to 0.12% CHX for parameters assessed at 15th and 30th day (p<0.05). There was no asymmetry or heterogeneity in the funnel plot, which suggests that publication bias is not present. Conclusion: It was observed that herbs showed gradual improvement and are equally effective as CHX and could be used as an excellent adjunct to CHX in treating moderate to advanced periodontitis due to its minimal side effects.
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