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For the first time in the history of philosophy, this article presents an axiomatic system of philosophical ontolo-gy intending to demonstratively solve “eternal” questions re-lated to the most fundamental problems of human cognition of the natural (material) world. The corresponding system of axioms and definitions of philosophical ontology is proposed. Proofs of the first 20theorems of axiomatic ontologyare pre-sented as solutions to traditional and modern aporias(incom-patible alternatives) of ontology. Finally, the principles and most general laws of modern physics, including the Mi-croworld and cosmology, are used as an empirical base of the theoreticalsystem of philosophical ontology.