Mucous membrane of the oral mucosa on the model of complicat ions of high-dose radiat ion and cytostat ic cancer therapy of the oropharyngeal region
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Mucous membrane of the oral mucosa on the model of complicat ions of high-dose radiat ion and cytostat ic cancer therapy of the oropharyngeal region Inessa Romanenko
The relevance of the investigation is connected with the fact that despite all the achievements and efforts of oncological morbidity of population of the Russian Federation is growing steadily. A high level of disability and mortality among patients of an oncological profile cause significant socio-economic damage to the state and it requires further search for methods and means to improve the quality of the treatment. The incidence of mucositis in high-dose cancer therapy is 40 to 100% so it is necessary to conduct further investigation of the pathogenesis of the disease to optimize prevention of its complications. The morphology and histophysiology of the buccal
mucosa were studied in experimental modeling of iatrogenic complications of radiation and chemotherapy of malignant lesions of the oropharyngeal area. An experimental model of mucositis was created in laboratory with white rats; selected immunohistochemical markers and worked out reaction protocols; the patterns of morphological rearrangement of the buccal mucosa and histophysiological changes in its cells by the immunohistochemical method were revealed; the prospects for further work are determined. During the immunomorphological study, a number of patterns of epithelial damage were established. During irradiation and chemotherapy, there is a violation of the diffusion capacity of the basement membrane and a decrease in its area due to smoothing of the natural relief, accompanied by dystrophic processes, ulcerative and necrotic damage, hypersecretion of the mucous end parts of the small salivary and sebaceous glands. During the immunomorphological investigation, it was established that as a result of irradiation, the cheek mucous membrane of rats is characterized by dystrophic processes due to increasing tissue hypoxia and the induction of Fas-receptor of dependent apoptosis, which will lead to a progression of alternative oxidative processes inevitably: erosion, ulceration and the spread of inflammatory infiltration with a tendency to chronicity.
DOI: https://ysmu.am/v2/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/55569d0e-1.pdf The New Armenian Medical Journal Vol.15 (2021), Nо 1 19-26
