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Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly affects oral health and surgical outcomes in dentistry. Patients with diabetes undergoing dental surgery are at increased risk of complications such as delayed healing, infection, and implant failure.
Objective: To systematically review the literature on surgical dental care in diabetic patients, focusing on risk factors, complications, and prevention strategies.
Methods: A PRISMA-based literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Studies published between 2000–2025 were included. A total of 45 relevant articles were selected after screening.
Results: Poor glycemic control (HbA1c >7–8%), long disease duration, and comorbidities significantly increase postoperative complications. Infection risk is increased by 2–3 times, and healing may be delayed by 1–2 weeks. Well-controlled diabetic patients demonstrate outcomes comparable to non-diabetics.
Conclusion: The successful management of diabetic patients in surgical dentistry requires a multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach that integrates medical and dental care. By prioritizing glycemic control and adopting evidence-based preventive strategies, clinicians can significantly reduce complications and achieve predictable, successful outcomes.
