PHYTOCHEMICAL-INFUSED SCAFFOLDS: THE ROLE OF CISSUS QUADRANGULARIS IN ADVANCING BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Introduction: Cissus Quandrangularis has been used in traditional medicine for centuries for its repair of bone
fractures, joint health, osteoporosis prevention, antibacterial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties.
When this herb is mixed in modern day research of bone engineering, the greater demand of bone grafts and graft
failure can be met. Therefore this study aimed to assess the effect of Cissus quandrangularis infused scaffolds in
bone regeneration in various cell cultures.
Materials and Methods: Last 10 year published english articles from pubmed, scopus, web of science etc were
searched for inclusion in the review. Original invitro research investigating the effect of Cissus Quandrangularis
based scaffolds on Cell cultures were included. Data extraction was done by two authors and risk of bias was
determined by QUIN guidelines.
Results: After the data was extracted, 12 studies out of the 51 that were assessed were included. Ten of the twelve
research that were included used human cell cultures, while the other two used murine cell lines. Alkaline
phosphatase activity was the primary test employed in the included trials for bone regeneration. Nine of the twelve
studies that were included employed this.Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP activity) is a biochemical assay that
can be used to detect the enzyme alkaline phosphatase, which is involved in dephosphorylation reactions.
Conclusion:The bone regenerative potential of Cissus quadrangularis-infused scaffolds using both animal and
human cell cultures is proved by all the 12 studies with positive results. This avoids the biological complications of
allografts and autografts.