THE INTRODUCTION AND RESULTS OF MULTIMODAL 3-COMPONENT PROPHYLAXIS SCHEME BOTH IN PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS IN NEWBORNS

The retrospective study was performed to assess the effectiveness of multimodal 3-component necrotizing enterocolitis prophylaxis scheme used among patients with necrotizing enterocolitis during 01.12.2016-30.11.2017 (period B) compared to the results of 01.12.2015-30.11.2016 (period A) without necrotizing enterocolitis prophylaxis. The investigation included 71 newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis. According to the hospital records, 45 newborn infants were exposed to multimodal 3-component necrotizing enterocolitis prophylaxis scheme and 26 were not.
The descriptive study was performed to evaluate the dynamics of necrotizing enterocolitis mortality and stages over 2016-2017 among the newborns admitted to “Muratsan” university hospital of Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi.
In total, 1429 medical records, registered during periods A and B were investigated. Necrotizing enterocolitis rate was increasing from 2011 to 2017. Significant difference (p<0.01) was found between the multimodal necrotizing enterocolitis prophylaxis exposure and the number of necrotizing enterocolitis perforation cases (12 cases out of 70 in period A and 0 cases out of 45 in period B). During period B, after introduction of multimodal 3-component necrotizing enterocolitis prophylaxis to 45 newborns, no cases of surgical operations have been registered as compared with 14 cases among the 70 newborns not exposed to necrotizing enterocolitis prophylaxis scheme (p<0.01) during period A. Significant association was found in number of death cases (p<0.01) among 45 newborns during period B (5 cases without necrotizing enterocolitis) and non-exposed 70 newborns during period A (24 cases).
An introduction of multimodal 3-component necrotizing enterocolitis prophylaxis scheme among newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis is associated with significant decrease in the number of necrotizing enterocolitis cases at stages 3A, 3B and related deaths. Currently, the research continues to identify further positive effects of multimodal 3-component necrotizing enterocolitis prophylaxis to estimate the possible influence of necrotizing enterocolitis prophylaxis on condition of admitted newborns with different health problems.