A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PERIODONTAL PARAMETERS IN TOOTH-SUPPORTED VERSUS IMPLANT-SUPPORTED FIXED PROSTHESES

Background: To obtain the fixed prosthodontic rehabilitation, both tooth-supported and implant-supported prostheses may be used, but their relative impact on the surrounding periodontal and peri-implant tissue has not been fully developed.
Purpose: This paper was focused on comparing periodontal parameters in patients with tooth-supported fixed partial
dentures (FPDs) and implant-supported fixed prostheses.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional research was conducted involving 156 patients in three groups, which were
tooth-supported FPD group (n=52), implant-supported prosthesis group (n=52), and natural tooth control group (n=52).
Measured clinical parameters were probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP),
plaque index (PI), gingivial index (GI) and width of keratinized tissue (KTW) and papilla fill. The radiographic levels of the bones were measured using the periapical radiographs which were of standard. ANOVA, post-hoc tests and chisquare tests were used as statistical analysis.
Results: The mean PD of implant group (3.8±0.9 mm) was significantly higher than that of tooth-supported FPD (2.9±0.7 mm) and control groups (2.1±0.5 mm) (p<0.001). BOP was maximally great between tooth-supported group (48.3±18.2) and implant (38.7±16.4) and control groups (24.6±12.1) (p<0.001). The implant group exhibited lower KTW (2.8+1.2mm vs. 4.2+1.1mm in controls, p=0.001) and decreased papillary fill with only half being papillary filled at the implant sites compared to 78.8 in controls (p=0.001). The mean radiographic bone level was 1.8+ 0.6 mm in the implant group and 1.2+ 0.4 mm in the tooth-supported group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The implant-supported and tooth-supported prostheses show changes in periodontal parameters compared to natural teeth with dissimilar trends of tissue reaction. The dentural prostheses with implants demonstrate higher probing depth and impaired soft tissue aesthetics and the tooth-supported prostheses, more inflammation.