Pantiwilasa dr. Cipto Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia, was a private tertiary hospital appointed by the Public Health Office Semarang City to provide health services for suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients. It is challenging due to the variety of clinical manifestations that occurred and the lack of existing research on this disease. The aim of this study is to examine the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients who have died.
This was a cross sectional study. The study was conducted from May to July 2020. Obtained data included anamneses, physical examination, and adjunct examination.
Altogether 113 patients were observed at the initial examination. Mean age was 53 years
(standard deviation: 14.04 years), mean onset was 5.93 days (SD: 4.27 days). A total of 41 patients non-survived (36.28%) with mean age 58.73 years (SD: 11.87 years). Mean respiratory rate and SpO2 were 28.38 x/minute (SD: 1.71 x/minute) and 90.95% (SD: 8.84%). We found some variables that related to death were age older than 58 years old (p=0.009), had ≥2 comorbidities (p=0.000), fever t>38°C (p=0.001), respiration rate >28x/minute (p=0.010), SpO2 <90% (p=0.000), blood lymphocyte count <1.2x103
/µL (p=0.014), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio >7.4 (p=0.004), bronchopneumonia with other complications (p=0.011).
Factors related to the death of COVID-19 patients were age older than 58 years old, had ≥2 comorbidities, body temperature above 38°C, respiratory rate >28 x/minutes, oxygen saturation below 90%, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio >7.4, lymphocyte count <1.2 x 103/µl, and x-ray result showing bronchopneumonia with other complications.
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