Abstract

Aim:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy, optimal dosage, route, timing, and safety of corticosteroid administration in managing postoperative complications—pain, swelling, and trismus—following impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Materials and Methods:PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched using a pre-specified search strategy. Clinical studies, reviews, systematic reviews, case reports, and case series were included for data synthesis.Search keywords terms included: Corticosteroids, Mandibular Third Molar, Impacted Tooth, Dental Surgery, Postoperative Complications, Swelling, Pain Management, Trismus, Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Results:A total of 315 titles were screened rigorously by two independent evaluators. After duplicate exclusion and removal of irrelevant titles, 87 articles were included for full-text analysis, out of which 35 qualified for final data synthesis. Conclusion:Corticosteroids especially dexamethasone demonstrate significant effectiveness in reducing postoperative complications when administered via intravenous, intramuscular, or submucosal routes either preoperatively or intraoperatively. While oral administration is preferred by patients for its convenience, its efficacy is comparatively lower. Standardized clinical protocols and individualized patient assessment are essential to maximize therapeutic outcomes while minimizing potential adverse effects.

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