Department of Food and Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek · Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka
Due to the increase of diabetic patients, especially type 2, we are now facing a global
pandemic. Diet control is the first line of treatment, and if planned well, can delay or alleviate its complications, both micro- and macrovascular.
One of the main postulates in diabetes mellitus type 2 treatment is nutrition education,
glycaemic self-control and eventual adjustment of drug dosage. When making suggestions to individuals about diet therapy it is very important to consider various individual, social and economic characteristics.
There is no perfect diet for diabetics, or a dietary regime, which would properly reflect a person’s individual needs, from clinical presentation to everyday life. There is no perfect diet therapy suitable for every type 2 diabetic . However, the so-called diabetic diet, avoiding the consumption of simple carbohydrates and refined starches, is recommended to the majority of patients.
Therefore, anyone planning a diet for a type 2 diabetic should familiarize themselves with the effects of macro- and/or micro-nutrients which have a clinical impact on type 2 diabetes.
Dietary therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes offers special dietary regimens such as
the Mediterranean diet, low-fat diet, vegetarian and vegan diets.
This review provides insights into particular nutrients and some dietary regiments,
including the Mediterranean diet, intermittent fasting and the Dietary Approach to Stop
Hypertension diet.
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