Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
ISSN 1829-006X
2025; 57–63
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EFFECT OF ROTATIONAL SPEED AND TORQUE ON CYCLIC FATIGUE RESISTANCE OF PROTAPER NEXT [X2] ROTARY ENDODONTIC FILE

Abdulkareem Ramadhan Ibrahim*

Received: 2026-01-10 · Published: 2025-12-03

© 2025 The Author(s) and the original publisher.

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Original title
EFFECT OF ROTATIONAL SPEED AND TORQUE ON CYCLIC FATIGUE RESISTANCE OF PROTAPER NEXT [X2] ROTARY ENDODONTIC FILE
Author
Abdulkareem Ramadhan Ibrahim
Source journal
Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
Published
2025-12-03
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Original
https://doi.org/10.58240/1829006X-2025.21.11-57

Abstract

Background: Endodontic nickel-titanium [NiTi] instruments, made from nitinol wire, are considered to facilitate root canal preparation with less procedural errors due to their superelasticity. Despite the advantages of using the nickeltitanium alloy files , fracture of the rotary files remain a major concern when using these instruments. Aim: The aim of the present study to evaluate effect different rotational-speed and torque on cyclic-fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium-[Ni-Ti] endodontic-rotary files. Methods: A total of 90 ProTaper Next shaper files X2 in six groups with different rotational speeds and torques rotated in an artificial canal made of stainless steel with 45° angles and a radius of curvature of 8 mm of curvature until fracture. The time of fracture was recorded in second using a digital chronometer, The length of fracture was obtained by measuring the fracture instrument using a digital microcaliper. Data were statistically analyzed by using one way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. Results: The ANOVA test showed significant differences in resistance to cyclic fatigue among three rotational speed groups [P < 0.05] and no significant difference among different torque. Conclusions: The study reveals NiTi rotary files have higher resistance to static cyclic fatigue at 200 RPM, less resistance at 500 RPM, no significant differences in different torque.
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