Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
2025; 378–384
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EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISORS AND THE INCISIVE CANAL: A CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY STUDY

Eshraq Alsaih*, Naela Mohamed Al-Mogahed, Toufiq Noor

Department of Orthodontics, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen · Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, India.

Received: 2025-09-17 · Published: 2025-09-14

© 2025 The Author(s) and the original publisher.

CC BY-NC 4.0 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Original title
EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISORS AND THE INCISIVE CANAL: A CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors
Eshraq Alsaih, Naela Mohamed Al-Mogahed, Toufiq Noor
Source journal
Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
Published
2025-09-14
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Original
https://doi.org/10.58240/1829006X-2025.21.8-378

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze the anatomical association between maxillary central incisor (MCI) roots and the incisive canal (IC) by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to evaluate the influence of age and sex. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional investigation was conducted on 153 Yemeni subjects (80 female, 73 male; age range: 16–45 years). Linear and angular measurements between MCI and IC were recorded through standardized multiplanar reconstructions. Key parameters measured were inter-root distance, IC width, anterioposterior (AP) distance between the root of the maxillary incisor and the incisive canal, and palatal alveolar bone width (PABW). Results: The IC was located below the incisor apex in 74.5% of the cases. The IC width at the apex (mean 3.97 mm) exceeded the inter-root distance (mean 3.83 mm). Males exhibited significantly larger AP distances and palatal IC widths compared to females. IC width increased with age, particularly at the apex. A strong correlation was observed between AP distance and PABW (r = 0.467), especially in females (r = 0.628). Conclusion: The IC tended to be located below the root apex. The width of the incisive canal frequently exceeded the distance between the roots of the maxillary central incisors, particularly in females and in older individuals, creating a high-risk anatomical region susceptible to iatrogenic complications with orthodontic retraction of the incisors. CBCT is crucial for personalized treatment planning in these instances.
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