Background: Tissue regeneration is a crucial biological process with significant implications for developmental
biology and regenerative medicine. Zebrafish (Danio rerio), known for their remarkable regenerative abilities,
serve as an excellent model for studying tissue regeneration, particularly through the caudal fin regeneration model.
Materials and Methods: β-Chitosan-TiO₂ nanoparticles were biosynthesized using plant extracts and microbial
cultures. Characterization was performed using SEM, UV-Vis and FTIR. Zebrafish caudal fin regeneration was
assessed post-amputation, with nanoparticle treatment in 16 μg/L and 32 μg/L. Regeneration was analyzed via
microscopic observation and gene expression. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, considering p < 0.05
significant.
Results: β-Chitosan-TiO₂ nanoparticles exhibited uniform size, high stability, and strong biocompatibility.
Zebrafish treated with β-Chitosan-TiO₂ nanoparticles showed significantly enhanced caudal fin regeneration
compared to controls. Gene expression analysis supported upregulation of regenerative markers. Regenerated fin
length measurements showed a dose-dependent improvement, with optimal effects at moderate nanoparticle
concentrations. No significant toxicity or abnormalities were observed in treated zebrafish. Statistical analysis
confirmed significant differences (p < 0.05) between control and treated groups, demonstrating β-Chitosan-TiO₂
NPs' potential in tissue regeneration.
Conclusion: β-Chitosan-TiO₂ nanoparticles significantly enhanced zebrafish caudal fin regeneration by promoting
cell proliferation and angiogenesis without toxicity. These findings highlight their potential as a biocompatible and
eco-friendly nanomaterial for tissue regeneration applications.
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