Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
2025; 261–267
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INFLUENCE OF THE ADDITION OF NANO CERIUM OXIDE/CHITOSAN COMPOSITE ON THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE RESIN

Ali Hussein Jaber*, Firas Farhan

li Hussein Jaber 1, Firas Abdulameer Farhan 2 1 BDS. Master student, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Bab Al-Muadham campus of the University of Baghdad, 1417, Baghdad, Iraq · PhD. Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Bab AlMuadham campus of the University of Baghdad, 1417, Baghdad, Iraq.

Received: 2025-09-17 · Published: 2025-08-07

© 2025 The Author(s) and the original publisher.

CC BY-NC 4.0 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Original title
INFLUENCE OF THE ADDITION OF NANO CERIUM OXIDE/CHITOSAN COMPOSITE ON THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE RESIN
Authors
Ali Hussein Jaber, Firas Farhan
Source journal
Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
Published
2025-08-07
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Original
https://doi.org/10.58240/1829006X-2025.21.8-261

Abstract

Background: Cerium oxide and chitosan (Ce/CS) nanoparticles have garnered significant interest due to their remarkable properties, including antioxidant activity, biocompatibility, antibacterial effectiveness and antiinflammatory activities. This study evaluates the impact of incorporating a Ce/CS nanocomposite into polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin on its mechanical properties. The composite consisted of 30% cerium oxide and 70% chitosan by weight (wt), with varying percentages incorporated into the PMMA resin selected according to a pilot study. Material and Methods: Ninety PMMA specimens were fabricated and categorized into three groups according to the Ce/CS nanocomposite percentage in the PMMA resin: control (0 wt%), group A (1 wt%), and group B (5 wt%). Transverse strength, impact strength, and surface hardness were assessed, with 10 specimens for each test. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to examine the chemical and surface alterations of PMMA resin. The collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test, with a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: The resulting data revealed a significant difference among all groups (P≤0.05). Group A exhibited the highest values in transverse and impact strength compared with the other groups. Group B showed the highest values in surface hardness compared with group A and the control group. The FTIR graph indicated changes in the material's chemical structure, suggesting the formation of new functional groups. SEM image showed an even distribution of Ce/CS nanocomposite inside the PMMA matrix of group A compared with group B. Conclusion: The study concludes that incorporating 1 wt% of a nano cerium oxide/chitosan composite into PMMA denture base resin significantly enhances its transverse and impact strength compared with 5 wt%. Furthermore, both 1 wt% and 5 wt% Ce/CS nanocomposites resulted in a notable improvement in the surface hardness of the PMMA resin.
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