MANAGEMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA FROM BEAR MAULING: CASE SERIES

Background: The head, neck, and particularly the face are the most prominent and vulnerable parts of the
human body. Consequently, these regions are often the primary targets in various types of attacks. In wildliferelated incidents, bear attacks account for a significant proportion and frequently involve the craniofacial
region. Managing injuries in these areas, especially when both soft and hard tissues are affected, presents
substantial clinical challenges. This case series highlights three instances of bear attacks reported to our
institution and outlines the surgical interventions used.
Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who sustained maxillofacial injuries due to bear
attacks. Patients included in the study had presented to our department for treatment. Ethical clearance was
acquired for conducting the study and informed consent was secured from all patients.
Results:All three cases presented with soft tissue injuries limited to the head and neck region. These injuries
were treated with simple thorough debridement followed by primary closure. Bony injuries were treated using
open reduction followed by internal fixation techniques. One patient experienced major soft tissue loss, and
bony tissue loss was noted in two cases. Wound cultures revealed the presence of mixed microbial flora.
Conclusion:Prophylactic measures formed a key component of the treatment strategy. All patients received
anti-tetanus prophylaxis and post-exposure rabies vaccination, which played a crucial role in improving
treatment outcomes.