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In previous studies origin of human and ape chromosomes have been analyzed by comparative chromosome banding analysis and/or by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In the present study FISH-banding, i.e. multicolor banding using probes derived from Homo sapiens was applied to reanalyze the chromosomes of Thai southern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina). The results agree with those of previous studies in other macaques, e.g. Macaca sylvanus. Thus, genetic differences leading to the observed large morphological differences within the Ceropithecoidae must be in the subchromosomal or even epigenetic level and have to be discovered yet.