Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
ISSN 1829-006X
2025; 217–226
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PERCEPTION OF SAFETY: A SURVEY ON THE RISKS OF VAPING, HOOKAH, AND CIGARETTE CONSUMPTION

Gurmeet Ahuja*, Sajda Gajdhar, Mohammed Shammas, Navin Kumar, Vikram Karande, Ajimol Jose, Ritik Kashwan, Anukriti Kumari

Royaldente, Gurgaon, Haryana, India · Lecturer, Division of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Department of Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia · Associate Professor, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. · Postgraduate Trainee, Department of Periodontology, Ragas Dental College, Chennai, Dr. MGR Medical University, Guindy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India · Head of Department, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, D.Y. Patil Dental School, Lohegaon, Pune, Maharashtra, India · Senior Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics & Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, AIMST University, Kedah, Malaysia · Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India · Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Received: 2026-04-08 · Published: 2025-05-24

© 2025 The Author(s) and the original publisher.

CC BY-NC 4.0 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Original title
PERCEPTION OF SAFETY: A SURVEY ON THE RISKS OF VAPING, HOOKAH, AND CIGARETTE CONSUMPTION
Authors
Gurmeet Ahuja, Sajda Gajdhar, Mohammed Shammas, Navin Kumar, Vikram Karande, Ajimol Jose, Ritik Kashwan, Anukriti Kumari
Source journal
Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
Published
2025-05-24
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Original
https://doi.org/10.58240/1829006X-2025.21.4-217

Abstract

Background: People are increasingly selective about alternative smoking techniques involving vaping and hookah because they consider these methods safer than conventional smoking. Many people continue to believe incorrect things about the medical hazards linked to these smoking methods. Objective:A research study analyzed how people perceive health risks from both vaping, hookah, and cigarette usage among the surveyed population. Methods:A survey with structured questions was conducted among 170 participants aged 18 or older. The evaluation instrument assessed how survey participants perceived the safety levels of vaping, hookah, and cigarette smoking. An analysis of the survey data was conducted to identify patterns and elements affecting perceived risk. Results:A significant number of participants considered vaping, as well as hookah, to cause less harm than traditional cigarettes. Moreover, many people believed e-cigarettes, along with hookah devices, operate by creating chemicals in smaller amounts and lead to decreased health threats in the long run. Risk perception variations linked with age progressions, education completion degrees, and active smoking tendency were found to be significant by analysis. Conclusion:A wide range of individuals continue to believe that vaping and hookah carry less health risk when compared to cigarette smoking, even though medical research demonstrates otherwise. Public health programs should strive to dismantle faulty beliefs about these products because this initiative could decrease the number of smokingrelated health consequences.
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