Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
2025; 21–26
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PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS IN TOBACCO USERS

Muneesh Joshi*, Saloni Verma, Ashima Behl, Dhameliya Pravinbhai, Astha Doshi, Gaurav Patr

Surgeon commander, Office incharge, Fleet Dental Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra. · Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. · MDS, Prof. & Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Baba Jaswant Singh Dental College and Research Institute, Ludhiana, Punjab. · BDS, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Amargadh, Gujarat. · MDS, Associate Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kanti Devi Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. · MDS, Prof. & Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha.

Received: 2025-09-26 · Published: 2025-08-28

© 2025 The Author(s) and the original publisher.

CC BY-NC 4.0 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Original title
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS IN TOBACCO USERS
Authors
Muneesh Joshi, Saloni Verma, Ashima Behl, Dhameliya Pravinbhai, Astha Doshi, Gaurav Patr
Source journal
Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
Published
2025-08-28
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Original
https://doi.org/10.58240/1829006X-2025.21.8-21

Abstract

Background: Tobacco use is a major public health concern and a leading cause of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). This study aims to assess the prevalence of OPMDs and associated risk factors among tobacco users. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,800 tobacco users attending outpatient clinics across three tertiary care centers. Participants were evaluated for OPMDs through clinical examinations and a structured questionnaire capturing demographic data, tobacco use patterns, and associated risk factors. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors of OPMDs. Results: The prevalence of OPMDs was 23.6% (n = 661). Leukoplakia (12.4%) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) (8.7%) were the most common OPMDs observed. Chewing tobacco was significantly associated with OSMF (OR = 3.42; 95% CI: 2.56–4.58; p < 0.001), while smoking tobacco was a major risk factor for leukoplakia (OR = 2.89; 95% CI: 2.11–3.97; p < 0.001). Other significant risk factors included duration of tobacco use >10 years (OR = 4.12; 95% CI: 3.01–5.65; p < 0.001) and concurrent alcohol consumption (OR = 2.53; 95% CI: 1.89– 3.37; p < 0.001). Conclusions: OPMDs are highly prevalent among tobacco users, with specific patterns of use posing distinct risks. Public health interventions focusing on cessation and early detection are essential to reduce the burden of OPMDs.
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