Background: Idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) is an area of enlarged bone production in the jaw that usually appears radiopaque and round, elliptical, or irregular in shape. Condensing osteitis (CO) is a focalized osseous reaction leading to periapical sclerotic bone growth. To determine the prevalence of idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) in the mandible using cone beam computed tomography by radiographic evaluation and to investigate the relationship between the findings in relation to age, gender, and localization.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on all CBCT images obtained in 2020 and 2024 from the archive of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Center in the Erbil City, the study included 1000 cone beam computed radiography obtained from the patients attend our center (500 men and 500 women) whose ages ranged from
20–70 years and who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Center in the Erbil City between 2020 and 2024, IO was defined as homogenous radiopacities with no particular etiology, ranging from 2 mm to 2 cm in size.
Demographic information of all patients, as well as the lesion’s number, location, border, shape, and association with adjacent teeth were recorded.
Results: From 1000 CBCT images, 101 images (10.1%) had IO lesion. No gender differences were observed in IO prevalence (P = 0.704). Although most common in patients who were in their 30s, IO prevalence was not statistically different among age groups (P = 0.297). IO was most frequent in the molar region 56 casas, with 55.4% of lesions, most lesions appear round 46 cases with 45.54%, most lesions separate from cortical plates 37 with 36.6% cases.
Conclusions: Idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) prevalence was 10.1% in the studied population and was not statistically different between age groups or sexes. Most lesions were found in the mandibular molar region.
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