Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
ISSN 1829-006X
2026; 251–258
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COST AND CLINICAL IMPACT OF DIGITAL VS. CONVENTIONAL INDIRECT BONDING IN EXTRACTION ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF CLASS I MALOCCLUSION

Received: 2026-01-08 · Published: 2026-01-06

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Original title
COST AND CLINICAL IMPACT OF DIGITAL VS. CONVENTIONAL INDIRECT BONDING IN EXTRACTION ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF CLASS I MALOCCLUSION
Author
Wessam Abdelrazek
Source journal
Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery
Published
2026-01-06
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Original
https://doi.org/10.58240/1829006X-2025.21.12-251

Abstract

Background:Orthodontic treatment advancements aim to improve clinical outcomes, efficiency, and patient satisfaction. Indirect bonding techniques, both conventional (CIB) and digital (DIB), are innovations that enhance bracket placement accuracy, reduce chairside time, and potentially minimize the number of visits. However, while digital methods offer increased precision and efficiency, they incur higher laboratory costs and require advanced technology. Methods:This prospective, randomized controlled trial included 28 patients with Class I malocclusion requiring orthodontic extraction. Participants were randomized into CIB or DIB groups. Brackets in the CIB group were manually positioned on plaster models and transferred using vacuum-formed trays, while the DIB group used digitally scanned models with 3D-printed transfer trays. Treatment outcomes were assessed using the Objective Grading System (OGS). Cost, treatment time, number of visits, and bracket failure rates were also evaluated. Results:Both techniques yielded comparable OGS scores (CIB median: 14; DIB median: 12; P=1.000), indicating similar treatment quality. Laboratory costs were significantly higher for DIB ($100.54) than CIB ($16.30; P<0.001). However, the DIB group demonstrated significant advantages, including shorter treatment times (20 months vs. 24 months; P=0.021) and fewer visits (23 vs. 27; P=0.003). Initial bracket failure rates were lower in the DIB group (2 vs. 4; P=0.018). Conclusion:Both techniques provide similar treatment quality, but DIB represents a promising advancement in orthodontics, balancing initial costs with improved clinical efficiency and patient satisfaction. Further research with larger, diverse populations is necessary to validate these findings and assess long-term cost-effectiveness
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